The abbreviation GHG stands for greenhouse gas or greenhouse gases. These are gases that contribute to global warming by accumulating in the earth's atmosphere, where they partially absorb and partially reflect heat or infrared radiation. The greenhouse effect is a natural and necessary process, but it becomes problematic when the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is increased by human activity. This warms the climate system, resulting in many environmental impacts, which in turn lead to an increase in extreme disasters and social crises.